[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":2986},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-\u002Freference\u002Fpython-string-join-method":3},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"description":2979,"extension":2980,"meta":2981,"navigation":304,"path":2982,"seo":2983,"stem":2984,"__hash__":2985},"content\u002Freference\u002Fpython-string-join-method.md","Python String join() Method",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":2915},"minimark",[9,19,26,29,32,45,50,151,154,169,175,182,187,190,234,237,328,330,380,386,390,393,414,419,443,445,524,526,547,555,559,563,635,637,651,655,733,735,754,758,860,862,871,878,957,959,977,981,984,991,1043,1045,1054,1061,1122,1124,1143,1146,1153,1215,1217,1235,1242,1302,1304,1314,1318,1323,1327,1391,1393,1413,1417,1467,1474,1477,1550,1552,1570,1580,1587,1646,1651,1654,1731,1733,1751,1757,1763,1827,1829,1850,1856,1859,1866,1920,1927,1930,1993,2003,2010,2013,2071,2076,2079,2150,2154,2209,2211,2220,2226,2233,2305,2307,2340,2346,2355,2364,2370,2439,2441,2450,2456,2537,2539,2548,2553,2567,2574,2578,2584,2613,2616,2760,2763,2801,2805,2812,2821,2827,2830,2837,2843,2851,2854,2864,2867,2871,2905,2911],[10,11,13,14,18],"h1",{"id":12},"python-string-join-method","Python String ",[15,16,17],"code",{},"join()"," Method",[20,21,22,23,25],"p",{},"The Python string ",[15,24,17],{}," method combines multiple strings into one string.",[20,27,28],{},"It is useful when you have a list or tuple of text values and want to join them with a separator such as a space, comma, dash, or nothing at all.",[20,30,31],{},"A key rule to remember is this:",[33,34,35,42],"ul",{},[36,37,38,39,41],"li",{},"You call ",[15,40,17],{}," on the separator string",[36,43,44],{},"Every item you join must already be a string",[46,47,49],"h2",{"id":48},"quick-answer","Quick answer",[51,52,57],"pre",{"className":53,"code":54,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"language-python shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter github-light github-dark","words = [\"Python\", \"is\", \"fun\"]\nresult = \" \".join(words)\nprint(result)\n","python","",[15,58,59,109,137],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,61,64,68,72,76,80,84,86,89,92,95,97,99,101,104,106],"span",{"class":62,"line":63},"line",1,[60,65,67],{"class":66},"su5hD","words ",[60,69,71],{"class":70},"smGrS","=",[60,73,75],{"class":74},"sP7_E"," [",[60,77,79],{"class":78},"sjJ54","\"",[60,81,83],{"class":82},"s_sjI","Python",[60,85,79],{"class":78},[60,87,88],{"class":74},",",[60,90,91],{"class":78}," \"",[60,93,94],{"class":82},"is",[60,96,79],{"class":78},[60,98,88],{"class":74},[60,100,91],{"class":78},[60,102,103],{"class":82},"fun",[60,105,79],{"class":78},[60,107,108],{"class":74},"]\n",[60,110,112,115,117,119,121,124,128,131,134],{"class":62,"line":111},2,[60,113,114],{"class":66},"result ",[60,116,71],{"class":70},[60,118,91],{"class":78},[60,120,91],{"class":78},[60,122,123],{"class":74},".",[60,125,127],{"class":126},"slqww","join",[60,129,130],{"class":74},"(",[60,132,133],{"class":126},"words",[60,135,136],{"class":74},")\n",[60,138,140,144,146,149],{"class":62,"line":139},3,[60,141,143],{"class":142},"sptTA","print",[60,145,130],{"class":74},[60,147,148],{"class":126},"result",[60,150,136],{"class":74},[20,152,153],{},"Output:",[51,155,157],{"className":53,"code":156,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"Python is fun\n",[15,158,159],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,160,161,164,166],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,162,163],{"class":66},"Python ",[60,165,94],{"class":70},[60,167,168],{"class":66}," fun\n",[20,170,171,172,174],{},"Use ",[15,173,17],{}," on the separator string. Every item in the iterable must be a string.",[46,176,178,179,181],{"id":177},"what-join-does","What ",[15,180,17],{}," does",[20,183,184,186],{},[15,185,17],{}," combines multiple strings into one string.",[20,188,189],{},"Important points:",[33,191,192,199,228,231],{},[36,193,194,195,198],{},"It uses the string before ",[15,196,197],{},".join()"," as the separator",[36,200,201,202],{},"Common separators are:\n",[33,203,204,210,216,222],{},[36,205,206,209],{},[15,207,208],{},"\" \""," for spaces",[36,211,212,215],{},[15,213,214],{},"\", \""," for commas",[36,217,218,221],{},[15,219,220],{},"\"-\""," for dashes",[36,223,224,227],{},[15,225,226],{},"\"\""," for no separator",[36,229,230],{},"It returns a new string",[36,232,233],{},"It does not change the original list or tuple",[20,235,236],{},"Example:",[51,238,240],{"className":53,"code":239,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"words = [\"red\", \"green\", \"blue\"]\nresult = \", \".join(words)\n\nprint(result)\nprint(words)\n",[15,241,242,277,300,306,317],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,243,244,246,248,250,252,255,257,259,261,264,266,268,270,273,275],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,245,67],{"class":66},[60,247,71],{"class":70},[60,249,75],{"class":74},[60,251,79],{"class":78},[60,253,254],{"class":82},"red",[60,256,79],{"class":78},[60,258,88],{"class":74},[60,260,91],{"class":78},[60,262,263],{"class":82},"green",[60,265,79],{"class":78},[60,267,88],{"class":74},[60,269,91],{"class":78},[60,271,272],{"class":82},"blue",[60,274,79],{"class":78},[60,276,108],{"class":74},[60,278,279,281,283,285,288,290,292,294,296,298],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,280,114],{"class":66},[60,282,71],{"class":70},[60,284,91],{"class":78},[60,286,287],{"class":82},", ",[60,289,79],{"class":78},[60,291,123],{"class":74},[60,293,127],{"class":126},[60,295,130],{"class":74},[60,297,133],{"class":126},[60,299,136],{"class":74},[60,301,302],{"class":62,"line":139},[60,303,305],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":304},true,"\n",[60,307,309,311,313,315],{"class":62,"line":308},4,[60,310,143],{"class":142},[60,312,130],{"class":74},[60,314,148],{"class":126},[60,316,136],{"class":74},[60,318,320,322,324,326],{"class":62,"line":319},5,[60,321,143],{"class":142},[60,323,130],{"class":74},[60,325,133],{"class":126},[60,327,136],{"class":74},[20,329,153],{},[51,331,333],{"className":53,"code":332,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"red, green, blue\n['red', 'green', 'blue']\n",[15,334,335,349],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,336,337,339,341,344,346],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,338,254],{"class":66},[60,340,88],{"class":74},[60,342,343],{"class":66}," green",[60,345,88],{"class":74},[60,347,348],{"class":66}," blue\n",[60,350,351,354,357,359,361,363,366,368,370,372,374,376,378],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,352,353],{"class":74},"[",[60,355,356],{"class":78},"'",[60,358,254],{"class":82},[60,360,356],{"class":78},[60,362,88],{"class":74},[60,364,365],{"class":78}," '",[60,367,263],{"class":82},[60,369,356],{"class":78},[60,371,88],{"class":74},[60,373,365],{"class":78},[60,375,272],{"class":82},[60,377,356],{"class":78},[60,379,108],{"class":74},[20,381,382,383,385],{},"The list stays the same. ",[15,384,17],{}," creates a new string.",[46,387,389],{"id":388},"basic-syntax","Basic syntax",[20,391,392],{},"The basic syntax is:",[51,394,396],{"className":53,"code":395,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"separator.join(iterable)\n",[15,397,398],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,399,400,403,405,407,409,412],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,401,402],{"class":66},"separator",[60,404,123],{"class":74},[60,406,127],{"class":126},[60,408,130],{"class":74},[60,410,411],{"class":126},"iterable",[60,413,136],{"class":74},[415,416,418],"h3",{"id":417},"parts-of-the-syntax","Parts of the syntax",[33,420,421,435,440],{},[36,422,423,425,426,287,428,287,430,432,433],{},[15,424,402],{}," is a string such as ",[15,427,208],{},[15,429,214],{},[15,431,220],{},", or ",[15,434,226],{},[36,436,437,439],{},[15,438,411],{}," is usually a list or tuple of strings",[36,441,442],{},"All items in the iterable must be strings",[20,444,236],{},[51,446,448],{"className":53,"code":447,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"names = [\"Ana\", \"Ben\", \"Cara\"]\nresult = \" | \".join(names)\n\nprint(result)\n",[15,449,450,486,510,514],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,451,452,455,457,459,461,464,466,468,470,473,475,477,479,482,484],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,453,454],{"class":66},"names ",[60,456,71],{"class":70},[60,458,75],{"class":74},[60,460,79],{"class":78},[60,462,463],{"class":82},"Ana",[60,465,79],{"class":78},[60,467,88],{"class":74},[60,469,91],{"class":78},[60,471,472],{"class":82},"Ben",[60,474,79],{"class":78},[60,476,88],{"class":74},[60,478,91],{"class":78},[60,480,481],{"class":82},"Cara",[60,483,79],{"class":78},[60,485,108],{"class":74},[60,487,488,490,492,494,497,499,501,503,505,508],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,489,114],{"class":66},[60,491,71],{"class":70},[60,493,91],{"class":78},[60,495,496],{"class":82}," | ",[60,498,79],{"class":78},[60,500,123],{"class":74},[60,502,127],{"class":126},[60,504,130],{"class":74},[60,506,507],{"class":126},"names",[60,509,136],{"class":74},[60,511,512],{"class":62,"line":139},[60,513,305],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":304},[60,515,516,518,520,522],{"class":62,"line":308},[60,517,143],{"class":142},[60,519,130],{"class":74},[60,521,148],{"class":126},[60,523,136],{"class":74},[20,525,153],{},[51,527,529],{"className":53,"code":528,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"Ana | Ben | Cara\n",[15,530,531],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,532,533,536,539,542,544],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,534,535],{"class":66},"Ana ",[60,537,538],{"class":70},"|",[60,540,541],{"class":66}," Ben ",[60,543,538],{"class":70},[60,545,546],{"class":66}," Cara\n",[20,548,549,550,123],{},"If you are still getting comfortable with strings, see ",[551,552,554],"a",{"href":553},"\u002Flearn\u002Fpython-strings-explained-basics-and-examples\u002F","Python strings explained: basics and examples",[46,556,558],{"id":557},"simple-examples","Simple examples",[415,560,562],{"id":561},"join-words-with-a-space","Join words with a space",[51,564,566],{"className":53,"code":565,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"words = [\"Python\", \"is\", \"easy\"]\nresult = \" \".join(words)\n\nprint(result)\n",[15,567,568,601,621,625],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,569,570,572,574,576,578,580,582,584,586,588,590,592,594,597,599],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,571,67],{"class":66},[60,573,71],{"class":70},[60,575,75],{"class":74},[60,577,79],{"class":78},[60,579,83],{"class":82},[60,581,79],{"class":78},[60,583,88],{"class":74},[60,585,91],{"class":78},[60,587,94],{"class":82},[60,589,79],{"class":78},[60,591,88],{"class":74},[60,593,91],{"class":78},[60,595,596],{"class":82},"easy",[60,598,79],{"class":78},[60,600,108],{"class":74},[60,602,603,605,607,609,611,613,615,617,619],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,604,114],{"class":66},[60,606,71],{"class":70},[60,608,91],{"class":78},[60,610,91],{"class":78},[60,612,123],{"class":74},[60,614,127],{"class":126},[60,616,130],{"class":74},[60,618,133],{"class":126},[60,620,136],{"class":74},[60,622,623],{"class":62,"line":139},[60,624,305],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":304},[60,626,627,629,631,633],{"class":62,"line":308},[60,628,143],{"class":142},[60,630,130],{"class":74},[60,632,148],{"class":126},[60,634,136],{"class":74},[20,636,153],{},[51,638,640],{"className":53,"code":639,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"Python is easy\n",[15,641,642],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,643,644,646,648],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,645,163],{"class":66},[60,647,94],{"class":70},[60,649,650],{"class":66}," easy\n",[415,652,654],{"id":653},"join-values-with-a-comma","Join values with a comma",[51,656,658],{"className":53,"code":657,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"items = [\"apples\", \"bananas\", \"oranges\"]\nresult = \", \".join(items)\n\nprint(result)\n",[15,659,660,696,719,723],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,661,662,665,667,669,671,674,676,678,680,683,685,687,689,692,694],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,663,664],{"class":66},"items ",[60,666,71],{"class":70},[60,668,75],{"class":74},[60,670,79],{"class":78},[60,672,673],{"class":82},"apples",[60,675,79],{"class":78},[60,677,88],{"class":74},[60,679,91],{"class":78},[60,681,682],{"class":82},"bananas",[60,684,79],{"class":78},[60,686,88],{"class":74},[60,688,91],{"class":78},[60,690,691],{"class":82},"oranges",[60,693,79],{"class":78},[60,695,108],{"class":74},[60,697,698,700,702,704,706,708,710,712,714,717],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,699,114],{"class":66},[60,701,71],{"class":70},[60,703,91],{"class":78},[60,705,287],{"class":82},[60,707,79],{"class":78},[60,709,123],{"class":74},[60,711,127],{"class":126},[60,713,130],{"class":74},[60,715,716],{"class":126},"items",[60,718,136],{"class":74},[60,720,721],{"class":62,"line":139},[60,722,305],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":304},[60,724,725,727,729,731],{"class":62,"line":308},[60,726,143],{"class":142},[60,728,130],{"class":74},[60,730,148],{"class":126},[60,732,136],{"class":74},[20,734,153],{},[51,736,738],{"className":53,"code":737,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"apples, bananas, oranges\n",[15,739,740],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,741,742,744,746,749,751],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,743,673],{"class":66},[60,745,88],{"class":74},[60,747,748],{"class":66}," bananas",[60,750,88],{"class":74},[60,752,753],{"class":66}," oranges\n",[415,755,757],{"id":756},"join-characters-with-an-empty-string","Join characters with an empty string",[51,759,761],{"className":53,"code":760,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"letters = [\"P\", \"y\", \"t\", \"h\", \"o\", \"n\"]\nresult = \"\".join(letters)\n\nprint(result)\n",[15,762,763,826,846,850],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,764,765,768,770,772,774,777,779,781,783,786,788,790,792,795,797,799,801,804,806,808,810,813,815,817,819,822,824],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,766,767],{"class":66},"letters ",[60,769,71],{"class":70},[60,771,75],{"class":74},[60,773,79],{"class":78},[60,775,776],{"class":82},"P",[60,778,79],{"class":78},[60,780,88],{"class":74},[60,782,91],{"class":78},[60,784,785],{"class":82},"y",[60,787,79],{"class":78},[60,789,88],{"class":74},[60,791,91],{"class":78},[60,793,794],{"class":82},"t",[60,796,79],{"class":78},[60,798,88],{"class":74},[60,800,91],{"class":78},[60,802,803],{"class":82},"h",[60,805,79],{"class":78},[60,807,88],{"class":74},[60,809,91],{"class":78},[60,811,812],{"class":82},"o",[60,814,79],{"class":78},[60,816,88],{"class":74},[60,818,91],{"class":78},[60,820,821],{"class":82},"n",[60,823,79],{"class":78},[60,825,108],{"class":74},[60,827,828,830,832,835,837,839,841,844],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,829,114],{"class":66},[60,831,71],{"class":70},[60,833,834],{"class":78}," \"\"",[60,836,123],{"class":74},[60,838,127],{"class":126},[60,840,130],{"class":74},[60,842,843],{"class":126},"letters",[60,845,136],{"class":74},[60,847,848],{"class":62,"line":139},[60,849,305],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":304},[60,851,852,854,856,858],{"class":62,"line":308},[60,853,143],{"class":142},[60,855,130],{"class":74},[60,857,148],{"class":126},[60,859,136],{"class":74},[20,861,153],{},[51,863,865],{"className":53,"code":864,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"Python\n",[15,866,867],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,868,869],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,870,864],{"class":66},[415,872,874,875,877],{"id":873},"show-that-join-returns-the-result","Show that ",[15,876,17],{}," returns the result",[51,879,881],{"className":53,"code":880,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"words = [\"one\", \"two\", \"three\"]\njoined_text = \"-\".join(words)\n\nprint(joined_text)\n",[15,882,883,918,942,946],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,884,885,887,889,891,893,896,898,900,902,905,907,909,911,914,916],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,886,67],{"class":66},[60,888,71],{"class":70},[60,890,75],{"class":74},[60,892,79],{"class":78},[60,894,895],{"class":82},"one",[60,897,79],{"class":78},[60,899,88],{"class":74},[60,901,91],{"class":78},[60,903,904],{"class":82},"two",[60,906,79],{"class":78},[60,908,88],{"class":74},[60,910,91],{"class":78},[60,912,913],{"class":82},"three",[60,915,79],{"class":78},[60,917,108],{"class":74},[60,919,920,923,925,927,930,932,934,936,938,940],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,921,922],{"class":66},"joined_text ",[60,924,71],{"class":70},[60,926,91],{"class":78},[60,928,929],{"class":82},"-",[60,931,79],{"class":78},[60,933,123],{"class":74},[60,935,127],{"class":126},[60,937,130],{"class":74},[60,939,133],{"class":126},[60,941,136],{"class":74},[60,943,944],{"class":62,"line":139},[60,945,305],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":304},[60,947,948,950,952,955],{"class":62,"line":308},[60,949,143],{"class":142},[60,951,130],{"class":74},[60,953,954],{"class":126},"joined_text",[60,956,136],{"class":74},[20,958,153],{},[51,960,962],{"className":53,"code":961,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"one-two-three\n",[15,963,964],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,965,966,968,970,972,974],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,967,895],{"class":66},[60,969,929],{"class":70},[60,971,904],{"class":66},[60,973,929],{"class":70},[60,975,976],{"class":66},"three\n",[46,978,980],{"id":979},"using-different-separators","Using different separators",[20,982,983],{},"The separator controls what appears between each item.",[415,985,987,990],{"id":986},"join-adds-spaces",[15,988,989],{},"\" \".join(...)"," adds spaces",[51,992,994],{"className":53,"code":993,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"words = [\"hello\", \"world\"]\nprint(\" \".join(words))\n",[15,995,996,1022],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,997,998,1000,1002,1004,1006,1009,1011,1013,1015,1018,1020],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,999,67],{"class":66},[60,1001,71],{"class":70},[60,1003,75],{"class":74},[60,1005,79],{"class":78},[60,1007,1008],{"class":82},"hello",[60,1010,79],{"class":78},[60,1012,88],{"class":74},[60,1014,91],{"class":78},[60,1016,1017],{"class":82},"world",[60,1019,79],{"class":78},[60,1021,108],{"class":74},[60,1023,1024,1026,1028,1030,1032,1034,1036,1038,1040],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,1025,143],{"class":142},[60,1027,130],{"class":74},[60,1029,79],{"class":78},[60,1031,91],{"class":78},[60,1033,123],{"class":74},[60,1035,127],{"class":126},[60,1037,130],{"class":74},[60,1039,133],{"class":126},[60,1041,1042],{"class":74},"))\n",[20,1044,153],{},[51,1046,1048],{"className":53,"code":1047,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"hello world\n",[15,1049,1050],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1051,1052],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1053,1047],{"class":66},[415,1055,1057,1060],{"id":1056},"join-creates-comma-separated-text",[15,1058,1059],{},"\", \".join(...)"," creates comma-separated text",[51,1062,1064],{"className":53,"code":1063,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"colors = [\"red\", \"blue\", \"green\"]\nprint(\", \".join(colors))\n",[15,1065,1066,1099],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1067,1068,1071,1073,1075,1077,1079,1081,1083,1085,1087,1089,1091,1093,1095,1097],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1069,1070],{"class":66},"colors ",[60,1072,71],{"class":70},[60,1074,75],{"class":74},[60,1076,79],{"class":78},[60,1078,254],{"class":82},[60,1080,79],{"class":78},[60,1082,88],{"class":74},[60,1084,91],{"class":78},[60,1086,272],{"class":82},[60,1088,79],{"class":78},[60,1090,88],{"class":74},[60,1092,91],{"class":78},[60,1094,263],{"class":82},[60,1096,79],{"class":78},[60,1098,108],{"class":74},[60,1100,1101,1103,1105,1107,1109,1111,1113,1115,1117,1120],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,1102,143],{"class":142},[60,1104,130],{"class":74},[60,1106,79],{"class":78},[60,1108,287],{"class":82},[60,1110,79],{"class":78},[60,1112,123],{"class":74},[60,1114,127],{"class":126},[60,1116,130],{"class":74},[60,1118,1119],{"class":126},"colors",[60,1121,1042],{"class":74},[20,1123,153],{},[51,1125,1127],{"className":53,"code":1126,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"red, blue, green\n",[15,1128,1129],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1130,1131,1133,1135,1138,1140],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1132,254],{"class":66},[60,1134,88],{"class":74},[60,1136,1137],{"class":66}," blue",[60,1139,88],{"class":74},[60,1141,1142],{"class":66}," green\n",[20,1144,1145],{},"This is useful when building simple CSV-style text.",[415,1147,1149,1152],{"id":1148},"join-is-useful-for-slugs-or-ids",[15,1150,1151],{},"\"-\".join(...)"," is useful for slugs or IDs",[51,1154,1156],{"className":53,"code":1155,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"parts = [\"python\", \"string\", \"join\"]\nprint(\"-\".join(parts))\n",[15,1157,1158,1192],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1159,1160,1163,1165,1167,1169,1171,1173,1175,1177,1180,1182,1184,1186,1188,1190],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1161,1162],{"class":66},"parts ",[60,1164,71],{"class":70},[60,1166,75],{"class":74},[60,1168,79],{"class":78},[60,1170,55],{"class":82},[60,1172,79],{"class":78},[60,1174,88],{"class":74},[60,1176,91],{"class":78},[60,1178,1179],{"class":82},"string",[60,1181,79],{"class":78},[60,1183,88],{"class":74},[60,1185,91],{"class":78},[60,1187,127],{"class":82},[60,1189,79],{"class":78},[60,1191,108],{"class":74},[60,1193,1194,1196,1198,1200,1202,1204,1206,1208,1210,1213],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,1195,143],{"class":142},[60,1197,130],{"class":74},[60,1199,79],{"class":78},[60,1201,929],{"class":82},[60,1203,79],{"class":78},[60,1205,123],{"class":74},[60,1207,127],{"class":126},[60,1209,130],{"class":74},[60,1211,1212],{"class":126},"parts",[60,1214,1042],{"class":74},[20,1216,153],{},[51,1218,1220],{"className":53,"code":1219,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"python-string-join\n",[15,1221,1222],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1223,1224,1226,1228,1230,1232],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1225,55],{"class":66},[60,1227,929],{"class":70},[60,1229,1179],{"class":66},[60,1231,929],{"class":70},[60,1233,1234],{"class":66},"join\n",[415,1236,1238,1241],{"id":1237},"join-joins-with-no-separator",[15,1239,1240],{},"\"\".join(...)"," joins with no separator",[51,1243,1245],{"className":53,"code":1244,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"chars = [\"A\", \"B\", \"C\"]\nprint(\"\".join(chars))\n",[15,1246,1247,1283],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1248,1249,1252,1254,1256,1258,1261,1263,1265,1267,1270,1272,1274,1276,1279,1281],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1250,1251],{"class":66},"chars ",[60,1253,71],{"class":70},[60,1255,75],{"class":74},[60,1257,79],{"class":78},[60,1259,1260],{"class":82},"A",[60,1262,79],{"class":78},[60,1264,88],{"class":74},[60,1266,91],{"class":78},[60,1268,1269],{"class":82},"B",[60,1271,79],{"class":78},[60,1273,88],{"class":74},[60,1275,91],{"class":78},[60,1277,1278],{"class":82},"C",[60,1280,79],{"class":78},[60,1282,108],{"class":74},[60,1284,1285,1287,1289,1291,1293,1295,1297,1300],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,1286,143],{"class":142},[60,1288,130],{"class":74},[60,1290,226],{"class":78},[60,1292,123],{"class":74},[60,1294,127],{"class":126},[60,1296,130],{"class":74},[60,1298,1299],{"class":126},"chars",[60,1301,1042],{"class":74},[20,1303,153],{},[51,1305,1307],{"className":53,"code":1306,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"ABC\n",[15,1308,1309],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1310,1311],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1312,1306],{"class":1313},"s_hVV",[46,1315,1317],{"id":1316},"what-types-of-values-work","What types of values work",[20,1319,1320,1322],{},[15,1321,17],{}," works when every item is already a string.",[415,1324,1326],{"id":1325},"this-works","This works",[51,1328,1330],{"className":53,"code":1329,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"values = [\"10\", \"20\", \"30\"]\nprint(\", \".join(values))\n",[15,1331,1332,1368],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1333,1334,1337,1339,1341,1343,1346,1348,1350,1352,1355,1357,1359,1361,1364,1366],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1335,1336],{"class":66},"values ",[60,1338,71],{"class":70},[60,1340,75],{"class":74},[60,1342,79],{"class":78},[60,1344,1345],{"class":82},"10",[60,1347,79],{"class":78},[60,1349,88],{"class":74},[60,1351,91],{"class":78},[60,1353,1354],{"class":82},"20",[60,1356,79],{"class":78},[60,1358,88],{"class":74},[60,1360,91],{"class":78},[60,1362,1363],{"class":82},"30",[60,1365,79],{"class":78},[60,1367,108],{"class":74},[60,1369,1370,1372,1374,1376,1378,1380,1382,1384,1386,1389],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,1371,143],{"class":142},[60,1373,130],{"class":74},[60,1375,79],{"class":78},[60,1377,287],{"class":82},[60,1379,79],{"class":78},[60,1381,123],{"class":74},[60,1383,127],{"class":126},[60,1385,130],{"class":74},[60,1387,1388],{"class":126},"values",[60,1390,1042],{"class":74},[20,1392,153],{},[51,1394,1396],{"className":53,"code":1395,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"10, 20, 30\n",[15,1397,1398],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1399,1400,1403,1405,1408,1410],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1401,1345],{"class":1402},"srdBf",[60,1404,88],{"class":74},[60,1406,1407],{"class":1402}," 20",[60,1409,88],{"class":74},[60,1411,1412],{"class":1402}," 30\n",[415,1414,1416],{"id":1415},"numbers-do-not-work-directly","Numbers do not work directly",[51,1418,1420],{"className":53,"code":1419,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"values = [1, 2, 3]\nprint(\", \".join(values))\n",[15,1421,1422,1445],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1423,1424,1426,1428,1430,1433,1435,1438,1440,1443],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1425,1336],{"class":66},[60,1427,71],{"class":70},[60,1429,75],{"class":74},[60,1431,1432],{"class":1402},"1",[60,1434,88],{"class":74},[60,1436,1437],{"class":1402}," 2",[60,1439,88],{"class":74},[60,1441,1442],{"class":1402}," 3",[60,1444,108],{"class":74},[60,1446,1447,1449,1451,1453,1455,1457,1459,1461,1463,1465],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,1448,143],{"class":142},[60,1450,130],{"class":74},[60,1452,79],{"class":78},[60,1454,287],{"class":82},[60,1456,79],{"class":78},[60,1458,123],{"class":74},[60,1460,127],{"class":126},[60,1462,130],{"class":74},[60,1464,1388],{"class":126},[60,1466,1042],{"class":74},[20,1468,1469,1470,1473],{},"This causes a ",[15,1471,1472],{},"TypeError"," because the list contains integers, not strings.",[20,1475,1476],{},"To fix it, convert the values first:",[51,1478,1480],{"className":53,"code":1479,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"values = [1, 2, 3]\nresult = \", \".join(map(str, values))\n\nprint(result)\n",[15,1481,1482,1502,1536,1540],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1483,1484,1486,1488,1490,1492,1494,1496,1498,1500],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1485,1336],{"class":66},[60,1487,71],{"class":70},[60,1489,75],{"class":74},[60,1491,1432],{"class":1402},[60,1493,88],{"class":74},[60,1495,1437],{"class":1402},[60,1497,88],{"class":74},[60,1499,1442],{"class":1402},[60,1501,108],{"class":74},[60,1503,1504,1506,1508,1510,1512,1514,1516,1518,1520,1523,1525,1529,1531,1534],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,1505,114],{"class":66},[60,1507,71],{"class":70},[60,1509,91],{"class":78},[60,1511,287],{"class":82},[60,1513,79],{"class":78},[60,1515,123],{"class":74},[60,1517,127],{"class":126},[60,1519,130],{"class":74},[60,1521,1522],{"class":142},"map",[60,1524,130],{"class":74},[60,1526,1528],{"class":1527},"sZMiF","str",[60,1530,88],{"class":74},[60,1532,1533],{"class":126}," values",[60,1535,1042],{"class":74},[60,1537,1538],{"class":62,"line":139},[60,1539,305],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":304},[60,1541,1542,1544,1546,1548],{"class":62,"line":308},[60,1543,143],{"class":142},[60,1545,130],{"class":74},[60,1547,148],{"class":126},[60,1549,136],{"class":74},[20,1551,153],{},[51,1553,1555],{"className":53,"code":1554,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"1, 2, 3\n",[15,1556,1557],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1558,1559,1561,1563,1565,1567],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1560,1432],{"class":1402},[60,1562,88],{"class":74},[60,1564,1437],{"class":1402},[60,1566,88],{"class":74},[60,1568,1569],{"class":1402}," 3\n",[20,1571,1572,1573,123],{},"If you need a clearer explanation of string conversion, see ",[551,1574,163,1576,1579],{"href":1575},"\u002Freference\u002Fpython-str-function-explained\u002F",[15,1577,1578],{},"str()"," function explained",[415,1581,1583,1586],{"id":1582},"none-values-do-not-work-directly",[15,1584,1585],{},"None"," values do not work directly",[51,1588,1590],{"className":53,"code":1589,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"values = [\"apple\", None, \"banana\"]\nprint(\", \".join(values))\n",[15,1591,1592,1624],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1593,1594,1596,1598,1600,1602,1605,1607,1609,1613,1615,1617,1620,1622],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1595,1336],{"class":66},[60,1597,71],{"class":70},[60,1599,75],{"class":74},[60,1601,79],{"class":78},[60,1603,1604],{"class":82},"apple",[60,1606,79],{"class":78},[60,1608,88],{"class":74},[60,1610,1612],{"class":1611},"s39Yj"," None",[60,1614,88],{"class":74},[60,1616,91],{"class":78},[60,1618,1619],{"class":82},"banana",[60,1621,79],{"class":78},[60,1623,108],{"class":74},[60,1625,1626,1628,1630,1632,1634,1636,1638,1640,1642,1644],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,1627,143],{"class":142},[60,1629,130],{"class":74},[60,1631,79],{"class":78},[60,1633,287],{"class":82},[60,1635,79],{"class":78},[60,1637,123],{"class":74},[60,1639,127],{"class":126},[60,1641,130],{"class":74},[60,1643,1388],{"class":126},[60,1645,1042],{"class":74},[20,1647,1648,1649,123],{},"This also causes a ",[15,1650,1472],{},[20,1652,1653],{},"One fix is to convert values to strings:",[51,1655,1657],{"className":53,"code":1656,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"values = [\"apple\", None, \"banana\"]\nresult = \", \".join(map(str, values))\n\nprint(result)\n",[15,1658,1659,1687,1717,1721],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1660,1661,1663,1665,1667,1669,1671,1673,1675,1677,1679,1681,1683,1685],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1662,1336],{"class":66},[60,1664,71],{"class":70},[60,1666,75],{"class":74},[60,1668,79],{"class":78},[60,1670,1604],{"class":82},[60,1672,79],{"class":78},[60,1674,88],{"class":74},[60,1676,1612],{"class":1611},[60,1678,88],{"class":74},[60,1680,91],{"class":78},[60,1682,1619],{"class":82},[60,1684,79],{"class":78},[60,1686,108],{"class":74},[60,1688,1689,1691,1693,1695,1697,1699,1701,1703,1705,1707,1709,1711,1713,1715],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,1690,114],{"class":66},[60,1692,71],{"class":70},[60,1694,91],{"class":78},[60,1696,287],{"class":82},[60,1698,79],{"class":78},[60,1700,123],{"class":74},[60,1702,127],{"class":126},[60,1704,130],{"class":74},[60,1706,1522],{"class":142},[60,1708,130],{"class":74},[60,1710,1528],{"class":1527},[60,1712,88],{"class":74},[60,1714,1533],{"class":126},[60,1716,1042],{"class":74},[60,1718,1719],{"class":62,"line":139},[60,1720,305],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":304},[60,1722,1723,1725,1727,1729],{"class":62,"line":308},[60,1724,143],{"class":142},[60,1726,130],{"class":74},[60,1728,148],{"class":126},[60,1730,136],{"class":74},[20,1732,153],{},[51,1734,1736],{"className":53,"code":1735,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"apple, None, banana\n",[15,1737,1738],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1739,1740,1742,1744,1746,1748],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1741,1604],{"class":66},[60,1743,88],{"class":74},[60,1745,1612],{"class":1611},[60,1747,88],{"class":74},[60,1749,1750],{"class":66}," banana\n",[20,1752,1753,1754,1756],{},"Be careful with this approach. Sometimes you may want to remove ",[15,1755,1585],{}," values instead of converting them.",[415,1758,1760,1762],{"id":1759},"join-also-works-with-tuples",[15,1761,17],{}," also works with tuples",[51,1764,1766],{"className":53,"code":1765,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"names = (\"Sam\", \"Lee\", \"Mia\")\nprint(\" \u002F \".join(names))\n",[15,1767,1768,1804],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1769,1770,1772,1774,1777,1779,1782,1784,1786,1788,1791,1793,1795,1797,1800,1802],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1771,454],{"class":66},[60,1773,71],{"class":70},[60,1775,1776],{"class":74}," (",[60,1778,79],{"class":78},[60,1780,1781],{"class":82},"Sam",[60,1783,79],{"class":78},[60,1785,88],{"class":74},[60,1787,91],{"class":78},[60,1789,1790],{"class":82},"Lee",[60,1792,79],{"class":78},[60,1794,88],{"class":74},[60,1796,91],{"class":78},[60,1798,1799],{"class":82},"Mia",[60,1801,79],{"class":78},[60,1803,136],{"class":74},[60,1805,1806,1808,1810,1812,1815,1817,1819,1821,1823,1825],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,1807,143],{"class":142},[60,1809,130],{"class":74},[60,1811,79],{"class":78},[60,1813,1814],{"class":82}," \u002F ",[60,1816,79],{"class":78},[60,1818,123],{"class":74},[60,1820,127],{"class":126},[60,1822,130],{"class":74},[60,1824,507],{"class":126},[60,1826,1042],{"class":74},[20,1828,153],{},[51,1830,1832],{"className":53,"code":1831,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"Sam \u002F Lee \u002F Mia\n",[15,1833,1834],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1835,1836,1839,1842,1845,1847],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1837,1838],{"class":66},"Sam ",[60,1840,1841],{"class":70},"\u002F",[60,1843,1844],{"class":66}," Lee ",[60,1846,1841],{"class":70},[60,1848,1849],{"class":66}," Mia\n",[46,1851,1853,1854],{"id":1852},"common-errors-with-join","Common errors with ",[15,1855,17],{},[20,1857,1858],{},"Here are the most common beginner mistakes.",[415,1860,1862,1863,1865],{"id":1861},"_1-typeerror-because-not-all-items-are-strings","1. ",[15,1864,1472],{}," because not all items are strings",[51,1867,1869],{"className":53,"code":1868,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"items = [\"a\", 2, \"c\"]\nprint(\" \".join(items))\n",[15,1870,1871,1900],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1872,1873,1875,1877,1879,1881,1883,1885,1887,1889,1891,1893,1896,1898],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1874,664],{"class":66},[60,1876,71],{"class":70},[60,1878,75],{"class":74},[60,1880,79],{"class":78},[60,1882,551],{"class":82},[60,1884,79],{"class":78},[60,1886,88],{"class":74},[60,1888,1437],{"class":1402},[60,1890,88],{"class":74},[60,1892,91],{"class":78},[60,1894,1895],{"class":82},"c",[60,1897,79],{"class":78},[60,1899,108],{"class":74},[60,1901,1902,1904,1906,1908,1910,1912,1914,1916,1918],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,1903,143],{"class":142},[60,1905,130],{"class":74},[60,1907,79],{"class":78},[60,1909,91],{"class":78},[60,1911,123],{"class":74},[60,1913,127],{"class":126},[60,1915,130],{"class":74},[60,1917,716],{"class":126},[60,1919,1042],{"class":74},[20,1921,1922,1923,1926],{},"This fails because ",[15,1924,1925],{},"2"," is an integer.",[20,1928,1929],{},"Fix:",[51,1931,1933],{"className":53,"code":1932,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"items = [\"a\", 2, \"c\"]\nprint(\" \".join(map(str, items)))\n",[15,1934,1935,1963],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,1936,1937,1939,1941,1943,1945,1947,1949,1951,1953,1955,1957,1959,1961],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,1938,664],{"class":66},[60,1940,71],{"class":70},[60,1942,75],{"class":74},[60,1944,79],{"class":78},[60,1946,551],{"class":82},[60,1948,79],{"class":78},[60,1950,88],{"class":74},[60,1952,1437],{"class":1402},[60,1954,88],{"class":74},[60,1956,91],{"class":78},[60,1958,1895],{"class":82},[60,1960,79],{"class":78},[60,1962,108],{"class":74},[60,1964,1965,1967,1969,1971,1973,1975,1977,1979,1981,1983,1985,1987,1990],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,1966,143],{"class":142},[60,1968,130],{"class":74},[60,1970,79],{"class":78},[60,1972,91],{"class":78},[60,1974,123],{"class":74},[60,1976,127],{"class":126},[60,1978,130],{"class":74},[60,1980,1522],{"class":142},[60,1982,130],{"class":74},[60,1984,1528],{"class":1527},[60,1986,88],{"class":74},[60,1988,1989],{"class":126}," items",[60,1991,1992],{"class":74},")))\n",[20,1994,1995,1996,123],{},"If you see an error like this, read ",[551,1997,1999,2000],{"href":1998},"\u002Ferrors\u002Ftypeerror-sequence-item-0-expected-str-instance-fix\u002F","how to fix ",[15,2001,2002],{},"TypeError: sequence item 0: expected str instance",[415,2004,2006,2007,2009],{"id":2005},"_2-calling-join-on-a-list-instead-of-a-string","2. Calling ",[15,2008,17],{}," on a list instead of a string",[20,2011,2012],{},"This is wrong:",[51,2014,2016],{"className":53,"code":2015,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"words = [\"Python\", \"is\", \"fun\"]\nresult = words.join(\" \")\n",[15,2017,2018,2050],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,2019,2020,2022,2024,2026,2028,2030,2032,2034,2036,2038,2040,2042,2044,2046,2048],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,2021,67],{"class":66},[60,2023,71],{"class":70},[60,2025,75],{"class":74},[60,2027,79],{"class":78},[60,2029,83],{"class":82},[60,2031,79],{"class":78},[60,2033,88],{"class":74},[60,2035,91],{"class":78},[60,2037,94],{"class":82},[60,2039,79],{"class":78},[60,2041,88],{"class":74},[60,2043,91],{"class":78},[60,2045,103],{"class":82},[60,2047,79],{"class":78},[60,2049,108],{"class":74},[60,2051,2052,2054,2056,2059,2061,2063,2065,2067,2069],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,2053,114],{"class":66},[60,2055,71],{"class":70},[60,2057,2058],{"class":66}," words",[60,2060,123],{"class":74},[60,2062,127],{"class":126},[60,2064,130],{"class":74},[60,2066,79],{"class":78},[60,2068,91],{"class":78},[60,2070,136],{"class":74},[20,2072,2073,2075],{},[15,2074,17],{}," is a string method, not a list method.",[20,2077,2078],{},"Correct version:",[51,2080,2082],{"className":53,"code":2081,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"words = [\"Python\", \"is\", \"fun\"]\nresult = \" \".join(words)\n\nprint(result)\n",[15,2083,2084,2116,2136,2140],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,2085,2086,2088,2090,2092,2094,2096,2098,2100,2102,2104,2106,2108,2110,2112,2114],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,2087,67],{"class":66},[60,2089,71],{"class":70},[60,2091,75],{"class":74},[60,2093,79],{"class":78},[60,2095,83],{"class":82},[60,2097,79],{"class":78},[60,2099,88],{"class":74},[60,2101,91],{"class":78},[60,2103,94],{"class":82},[60,2105,79],{"class":78},[60,2107,88],{"class":74},[60,2109,91],{"class":78},[60,2111,103],{"class":82},[60,2113,79],{"class":78},[60,2115,108],{"class":74},[60,2117,2118,2120,2122,2124,2126,2128,2130,2132,2134],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,2119,114],{"class":66},[60,2121,71],{"class":70},[60,2123,91],{"class":78},[60,2125,91],{"class":78},[60,2127,123],{"class":74},[60,2129,127],{"class":126},[60,2131,130],{"class":74},[60,2133,133],{"class":126},[60,2135,136],{"class":74},[60,2137,2138],{"class":62,"line":139},[60,2139,305],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":304},[60,2141,2142,2144,2146,2148],{"class":62,"line":308},[60,2143,143],{"class":142},[60,2145,130],{"class":74},[60,2147,148],{"class":126},[60,2149,136],{"class":74},[415,2151,2153],{"id":2152},"_3-using-the-wrong-separator","3. Using the wrong separator",[51,2155,2157],{"className":53,"code":2156,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"words = [\"one\", \"two\", \"three\"]\nprint(\"\".join(words))\n",[15,2158,2159,2191],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,2160,2161,2163,2165,2167,2169,2171,2173,2175,2177,2179,2181,2183,2185,2187,2189],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,2162,67],{"class":66},[60,2164,71],{"class":70},[60,2166,75],{"class":74},[60,2168,79],{"class":78},[60,2170,895],{"class":82},[60,2172,79],{"class":78},[60,2174,88],{"class":74},[60,2176,91],{"class":78},[60,2178,904],{"class":82},[60,2180,79],{"class":78},[60,2182,88],{"class":74},[60,2184,91],{"class":78},[60,2186,913],{"class":82},[60,2188,79],{"class":78},[60,2190,108],{"class":74},[60,2192,2193,2195,2197,2199,2201,2203,2205,2207],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,2194,143],{"class":142},[60,2196,130],{"class":74},[60,2198,226],{"class":78},[60,2200,123],{"class":74},[60,2202,127],{"class":126},[60,2204,130],{"class":74},[60,2206,133],{"class":126},[60,2208,1042],{"class":74},[20,2210,153],{},[51,2212,2214],{"className":53,"code":2213,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"onetwothree\n",[15,2215,2216],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,2217,2218],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,2219,2213],{"class":66},[20,2221,2222,2223,2225],{},"If you wanted spaces, use ",[15,2224,208],{}," instead.",[415,2227,2229,2230,2232],{"id":2228},"_4-forgetting-that-join-returns-a-new-string","4. Forgetting that ",[15,2231,17],{}," returns a new string",[51,2234,2236],{"className":53,"code":2235,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"words = [\"a\", \"b\", \"c\"]\n\"-\".join(words)\n\nprint(words)\n",[15,2237,2238,2271,2291,2295],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,2239,2240,2242,2244,2246,2248,2250,2252,2254,2256,2259,2261,2263,2265,2267,2269],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,2241,67],{"class":66},[60,2243,71],{"class":70},[60,2245,75],{"class":74},[60,2247,79],{"class":78},[60,2249,551],{"class":82},[60,2251,79],{"class":78},[60,2253,88],{"class":74},[60,2255,91],{"class":78},[60,2257,2258],{"class":82},"b",[60,2260,79],{"class":78},[60,2262,88],{"class":74},[60,2264,91],{"class":78},[60,2266,1895],{"class":82},[60,2268,79],{"class":78},[60,2270,108],{"class":74},[60,2272,2273,2276,2279,2281,2283,2285,2287,2289],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,2274,79],{"class":2275},"s2W-s",[60,2277,929],{"class":2278},"sithA",[60,2280,79],{"class":2275},[60,2282,123],{"class":74},[60,2284,127],{"class":126},[60,2286,130],{"class":74},[60,2288,133],{"class":126},[60,2290,136],{"class":74},[60,2292,2293],{"class":62,"line":139},[60,2294,305],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":304},[60,2296,2297,2299,2301,2303],{"class":62,"line":308},[60,2298,143],{"class":142},[60,2300,130],{"class":74},[60,2302,133],{"class":126},[60,2304,136],{"class":74},[20,2306,153],{},[51,2308,2310],{"className":53,"code":2309,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"['a', 'b', 'c']\n",[15,2311,2312],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,2313,2314,2316,2318,2320,2322,2324,2326,2328,2330,2332,2334,2336,2338],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,2315,353],{"class":74},[60,2317,356],{"class":78},[60,2319,551],{"class":82},[60,2321,356],{"class":78},[60,2323,88],{"class":74},[60,2325,365],{"class":78},[60,2327,2258],{"class":82},[60,2329,356],{"class":78},[60,2331,88],{"class":74},[60,2333,365],{"class":78},[60,2335,1895],{"class":82},[60,2337,356],{"class":78},[60,2339,108],{"class":74},[20,2341,2342,2343,2345],{},"The list is unchanged because ",[15,2344,17],{}," returns a new string. You need to store or print the result.",[46,2347,2349,2351,2352],{"id":2348},"join-vs-concatenation-with",[15,2350,17],{}," vs concatenation with ",[15,2353,2354],{},"+",[20,2356,2357,2358,2360,2361,2363],{},"Both ",[15,2359,17],{}," and ",[15,2362,2354],{}," can combine strings, but they are used in different situations.",[415,2365,171,2367,2369],{"id":2366},"use-for-a-small-number-of-fixed-strings",[15,2368,2354],{}," for a small number of fixed strings",[51,2371,2373],{"className":53,"code":2372,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"first = \"Hello\"\nsecond = \"World\"\nresult = first + \" \" + second\n\nprint(result)\n",[15,2374,2375,2390,2404,2425,2429],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,2376,2377,2380,2382,2384,2387],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,2378,2379],{"class":66},"first ",[60,2381,71],{"class":70},[60,2383,91],{"class":78},[60,2385,2386],{"class":82},"Hello",[60,2388,2389],{"class":78},"\"\n",[60,2391,2392,2395,2397,2399,2402],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,2393,2394],{"class":66},"second ",[60,2396,71],{"class":70},[60,2398,91],{"class":78},[60,2400,2401],{"class":82},"World",[60,2403,2389],{"class":78},[60,2405,2406,2408,2410,2413,2415,2417,2419,2422],{"class":62,"line":139},[60,2407,114],{"class":66},[60,2409,71],{"class":70},[60,2411,2412],{"class":66}," first ",[60,2414,2354],{"class":70},[60,2416,91],{"class":78},[60,2418,91],{"class":78},[60,2420,2421],{"class":70}," +",[60,2423,2424],{"class":66}," second\n",[60,2426,2427],{"class":62,"line":308},[60,2428,305],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":304},[60,2430,2431,2433,2435,2437],{"class":62,"line":319},[60,2432,143],{"class":142},[60,2434,130],{"class":74},[60,2436,148],{"class":126},[60,2438,136],{"class":74},[20,2440,153],{},[51,2442,2444],{"className":53,"code":2443,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"Hello World\n",[15,2445,2446],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,2447,2448],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,2449,2443],{"class":66},[415,2451,171,2453,2455],{"id":2452},"use-join-for-many-strings-or-a-list-of-strings",[15,2454,17],{}," for many strings or a list of strings",[51,2457,2459],{"className":53,"code":2458,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"words = [\"Python\", \"makes\", \"this\", \"easy\"]\nresult = \" \".join(words)\n\nprint(result)\n",[15,2460,2461,2503,2523,2527],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,2462,2463,2465,2467,2469,2471,2473,2475,2477,2479,2482,2484,2486,2488,2491,2493,2495,2497,2499,2501],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,2464,67],{"class":66},[60,2466,71],{"class":70},[60,2468,75],{"class":74},[60,2470,79],{"class":78},[60,2472,83],{"class":82},[60,2474,79],{"class":78},[60,2476,88],{"class":74},[60,2478,91],{"class":78},[60,2480,2481],{"class":82},"makes",[60,2483,79],{"class":78},[60,2485,88],{"class":74},[60,2487,91],{"class":78},[60,2489,2490],{"class":82},"this",[60,2492,79],{"class":78},[60,2494,88],{"class":74},[60,2496,91],{"class":78},[60,2498,596],{"class":82},[60,2500,79],{"class":78},[60,2502,108],{"class":74},[60,2504,2505,2507,2509,2511,2513,2515,2517,2519,2521],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,2506,114],{"class":66},[60,2508,71],{"class":70},[60,2510,91],{"class":78},[60,2512,91],{"class":78},[60,2514,123],{"class":74},[60,2516,127],{"class":126},[60,2518,130],{"class":74},[60,2520,133],{"class":126},[60,2522,136],{"class":74},[60,2524,2525],{"class":62,"line":139},[60,2526,305],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":304},[60,2528,2529,2531,2533,2535],{"class":62,"line":308},[60,2530,143],{"class":142},[60,2532,130],{"class":74},[60,2534,148],{"class":126},[60,2536,136],{"class":74},[20,2538,153],{},[51,2540,2542],{"className":53,"code":2541,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"Python makes this easy\n",[15,2543,2544],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,2545,2546],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,2547,2541],{"class":66},[20,2549,2550,2552],{},[15,2551,17],{}," is usually cleaner when:",[33,2554,2555,2558,2561],{},[36,2556,2557],{},"You already have a list of strings",[36,2559,2560],{},"You want the same separator between every item",[36,2562,2563,2564,2566],{},"You want to avoid writing many ",[15,2565,2354],{}," operators",[20,2568,2569,2570,123],{},"For a task-focused guide, see ",[551,2571,2573],{"href":2572},"\u002Fhow-to\u002Fhow-to-join-strings-in-python\u002F","how to join strings in Python",[46,2575,2577],{"id":2576},"common-mistakes-to-check","Common mistakes to check",[20,2579,2580,2581,2583],{},"If ",[15,2582,17],{}," is not working, check these first:",[33,2585,2586,2589,2594,2604,2610],{},[36,2587,2588],{},"You may be trying to join a list that contains integers",[36,2590,2591,2592],{},"You may be trying to join a list that contains ",[15,2593,1585],{},[36,2595,2596,2597,2600,2601],{},"You may have written ",[15,2598,2599],{},"list.join(...)"," instead of ",[15,2602,2603],{},"string.join(...)",[36,2605,2606,2607,2609],{},"You may be expecting ",[15,2608,17],{}," to change the original iterable",[36,2611,2612],{},"You may have passed a non-iterable value",[20,2614,2615],{},"These quick checks can help:",[51,2617,2619],{"className":53,"code":2618,"language":55,"meta":56,"style":56},"print(type(items))\nprint(items)\nprint([type(item) for item in items])\nprint(' '.join(['a', 'b', 'c']))\nprint(', '.join(map(str, [1, 2, 3])))\n",[15,2620,2621,2636,2646,2678,2719],{"__ignoreMap":56},[60,2622,2623,2625,2627,2630,2632,2634],{"class":62,"line":63},[60,2624,143],{"class":142},[60,2626,130],{"class":74},[60,2628,2629],{"class":1527},"type",[60,2631,130],{"class":74},[60,2633,716],{"class":126},[60,2635,1042],{"class":74},[60,2637,2638,2640,2642,2644],{"class":62,"line":111},[60,2639,143],{"class":142},[60,2641,130],{"class":74},[60,2643,716],{"class":126},[60,2645,136],{"class":74},[60,2647,2648,2650,2653,2655,2657,2660,2663,2667,2670,2673,2675],{"class":62,"line":139},[60,2649,143],{"class":142},[60,2651,2652],{"class":74},"([",[60,2654,2629],{"class":1527},[60,2656,130],{"class":74},[60,2658,2659],{"class":126},"item",[60,2661,2662],{"class":74},")",[60,2664,2666],{"class":2665},"sVHd0"," for",[60,2668,2669],{"class":126}," item ",[60,2671,2672],{"class":2665},"in",[60,2674,1989],{"class":126},[60,2676,2677],{"class":74},"])\n",[60,2679,2680,2682,2684,2686,2688,2690,2692,2694,2696,2698,2700,2702,2704,2706,2708,2710,2712,2714,2716],{"class":62,"line":308},[60,2681,143],{"class":142},[60,2683,130],{"class":74},[60,2685,356],{"class":78},[60,2687,365],{"class":78},[60,2689,123],{"class":74},[60,2691,127],{"class":126},[60,2693,2652],{"class":74},[60,2695,356],{"class":78},[60,2697,551],{"class":82},[60,2699,356],{"class":78},[60,2701,88],{"class":74},[60,2703,365],{"class":78},[60,2705,2258],{"class":82},[60,2707,356],{"class":78},[60,2709,88],{"class":74},[60,2711,365],{"class":78},[60,2713,1895],{"class":82},[60,2715,356],{"class":78},[60,2717,2718],{"class":74},"]))\n",[60,2720,2721,2723,2725,2727,2729,2731,2733,2735,2737,2739,2741,2743,2745,2747,2749,2751,2753,2755,2757],{"class":62,"line":319},[60,2722,143],{"class":142},[60,2724,130],{"class":74},[60,2726,356],{"class":78},[60,2728,287],{"class":82},[60,2730,356],{"class":78},[60,2732,123],{"class":74},[60,2734,127],{"class":126},[60,2736,130],{"class":74},[60,2738,1522],{"class":142},[60,2740,130],{"class":74},[60,2742,1528],{"class":1527},[60,2744,88],{"class":74},[60,2746,75],{"class":74},[60,2748,1432],{"class":1402},[60,2750,88],{"class":74},[60,2752,1437],{"class":1402},[60,2754,88],{"class":74},[60,2756,1442],{"class":1402},[60,2758,2759],{"class":74},"])))\n",[20,2761,2762],{},"What these checks do:",[33,2764,2765,2774,2780,2786,2795],{},[36,2766,2767,2770,2771,2773],{},[15,2768,2769],{},"print(type(items))"," shows what kind of value ",[15,2772,716],{}," is",[36,2775,2776,2779],{},[15,2777,2778],{},"print(items)"," shows the actual contents",[36,2781,2782,2785],{},[15,2783,2784],{},"print([type(item) for item in items])"," shows the type of each item",[36,2787,2788,2791,2792,2794],{},[15,2789,2790],{},"print(' '.join(['a', 'b', 'c']))"," confirms normal ",[15,2793,17],{}," behavior",[36,2796,2797,2800],{},[15,2798,2799],{},"print(', '.join(map(str, [1, 2, 3])))"," shows how to join numbers after converting them",[46,2802,2804],{"id":2803},"faq","FAQ",[415,2806,2808,2809,2811],{"id":2807},"does-join-work-with-numbers","Does ",[15,2810,17],{}," work with numbers?",[20,2813,2814,2815,2817,2818,123],{},"Not directly. ",[15,2816,17],{}," needs strings. Convert numbers first, for example with ",[15,2819,2820],{},"map(str, values)",[415,2822,2808,2824,2826],{"id":2823},"does-join-change-the-original-list",[15,2825,17],{}," change the original list?",[20,2828,2829],{},"No. It returns a new string and leaves the original list unchanged.",[415,2831,2833,2834,2836],{"id":2832},"can-i-use-join-with-a-tuple","Can I use ",[15,2835,17],{}," with a tuple?",[20,2838,2839,2840,2842],{},"Yes. ",[15,2841,17],{}," works with any iterable of strings, including tuples.",[415,2844,2846,2847,2850],{"id":2845},"what-does-joinwords-do","What does ",[15,2848,2849],{},"''.join(words)"," do?",[20,2852,2853],{},"It joins the strings without adding any separator between them.",[415,2855,2857,2858,2860,2861,2863],{"id":2856},"why-do-i-get-typeerror-when-using-join","Why do I get ",[15,2859,1472],{}," when using ",[15,2862,17],{},"?",[20,2865,2866],{},"Usually because at least one item in the iterable is not a string.",[46,2868,2870],{"id":2869},"see-also","See also",[33,2872,2873,2878,2888,2894,2901],{},[36,2874,2875],{},[551,2876,2877],{"href":2572},"How to join strings in Python",[36,2879,2880],{},[551,2881,2883,2884,2887],{"href":2882},"\u002Freference\u002Fpython-string-split-method\u002F","Python string ",[15,2885,2886],{},"split()"," method",[36,2889,2890],{},[551,2891,163,2892,1579],{"href":1575},[15,2893,1578],{},[36,2895,2896],{},[551,2897,2898,2899],{"href":1998},"Fix ",[15,2900,2002],{},[36,2902,2903],{},[551,2904,554],{"href":553},[20,2906,2907,2908,2910],{},"Once you understand ",[15,2909,17],{},", you can use it in real tasks like formatting full names, building comma-separated text, and combining words from a list into a single string.",[2912,2913,2914],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .su5hD, html code.shiki .su5hD{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-default:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8}html pre.shiki code .smGrS, html code.shiki .smGrS{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-default:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583}html pre.shiki code .sP7_E, html code.shiki .sP7_E{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-default:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8}html pre.shiki code .sjJ54, html code.shiki .sjJ54{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-default:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF}html pre.shiki code .s_sjI, html code.shiki .s_sjI{--shiki-light:#91B859;--shiki-default:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF}html pre.shiki code .slqww, html code.shiki .slqww{--shiki-light:#6182B8;--shiki-default:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8}html pre.shiki code .sptTA, html code.shiki .sptTA{--shiki-light:#6182B8;--shiki-default:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF}html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html pre.shiki code .s_hVV, html code.shiki .s_hVV{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-default:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF}html pre.shiki code .srdBf, html code.shiki .srdBf{--shiki-light:#F76D47;--shiki-default:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF}html pre.shiki code .sZMiF, html code.shiki .sZMiF{--shiki-light:#E2931D;--shiki-default:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF}html pre.shiki code .s39Yj, html code.shiki .s39Yj{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-default:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF}html pre.shiki code .s2W-s, html code.shiki .s2W-s{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-default:#032F62;--shiki-default-font-style:inherit;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;--shiki-dark-font-style:inherit}html pre.shiki code .sithA, html code.shiki .sithA{--shiki-light:#90A4AE;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-default:#032F62;--shiki-default-font-style:inherit;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;--shiki-dark-font-style:inherit}html pre.shiki code .sVHd0, html code.shiki .sVHd0{--shiki-light:#39ADB5;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-default:#D73A49;--shiki-default-font-style:inherit;--shiki-dark:#F97583;--shiki-dark-font-style:inherit}",{"title":56,"searchDepth":111,"depth":111,"links":2916},[2917,2918,2920,2923,2930,2940,2948,2958,2965,2966,2978],{"id":48,"depth":111,"text":49},{"id":177,"depth":111,"text":2919},"What join() does",{"id":388,"depth":111,"text":389,"children":2921},[2922],{"id":417,"depth":139,"text":418},{"id":557,"depth":111,"text":558,"children":2924},[2925,2926,2927,2928],{"id":561,"depth":139,"text":562},{"id":653,"depth":139,"text":654},{"id":756,"depth":139,"text":757},{"id":873,"depth":139,"text":2929},"Show that join() returns the result",{"id":979,"depth":111,"text":980,"children":2931},[2932,2934,2936,2938],{"id":986,"depth":139,"text":2933},"\" \".join(...) adds spaces",{"id":1056,"depth":139,"text":2935},"\", \".join(...) creates comma-separated text",{"id":1148,"depth":139,"text":2937},"\"-\".join(...) is useful for slugs or IDs",{"id":1237,"depth":139,"text":2939},"\"\".join(...) joins with no separator",{"id":1316,"depth":111,"text":1317,"children":2941},[2942,2943,2944,2946],{"id":1325,"depth":139,"text":1326},{"id":1415,"depth":139,"text":1416},{"id":1582,"depth":139,"text":2945},"None values do not work directly",{"id":1759,"depth":139,"text":2947},"join() also works with tuples",{"id":1852,"depth":111,"text":2949,"children":2950},"Common errors with join()",[2951,2953,2955,2956],{"id":1861,"depth":139,"text":2952},"1. TypeError because not all items are strings",{"id":2005,"depth":139,"text":2954},"2. Calling join() on a list instead of a string",{"id":2152,"depth":139,"text":2153},{"id":2228,"depth":139,"text":2957},"4. Forgetting that join() returns a new string",{"id":2348,"depth":111,"text":2959,"children":2960},"join() vs concatenation with +",[2961,2963],{"id":2366,"depth":139,"text":2962},"Use + for a small number of fixed strings",{"id":2452,"depth":139,"text":2964},"Use join() for many strings or a list of strings",{"id":2576,"depth":111,"text":2577},{"id":2803,"depth":111,"text":2804,"children":2967},[2968,2970,2972,2974,2976],{"id":2807,"depth":139,"text":2969},"Does join() work with numbers?",{"id":2823,"depth":139,"text":2971},"Does join() change the original list?",{"id":2832,"depth":139,"text":2973},"Can I use join() with a tuple?",{"id":2845,"depth":139,"text":2975},"What does ''.join(words) do?",{"id":2856,"depth":139,"text":2977},"Why do I get TypeError when using join()?",{"id":2869,"depth":111,"text":2870},"Master python string join method in our comprehensive Python beginner guide.","md",{},"\u002Freference\u002Fpython-string-join-method",{"title":5,"description":2979},"reference\u002Fpython-string-join-method","PADX964Q2s6BEP50kMkmDZLOlBbvj8gTOpZn-HkZGPA",1777585499349]